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Posted

Check out this article from CWN.

[quote]Cardinals hear preacher on challenges for new Pontiff

Vatican, Apr. 14 (CWNews.com) - At their general congregation meeting on April 14, the College of Cardinals heard the preacher to the pontifical household deliver the first of two scheduled meditations on the state of the Church, as preparation for their deliberations in the coming conclave.

Father Raniero Cantalamessa addressed the cardinals, gathered for the daily meeting in the Synod Hall at the apostolic palace. The Capuchin preacher had been chosen by the cardinals, at their April 7 meeting, to deliver one of the two meditations prescribed by Universi Dominici Gregis. That apostolic constitution, issued by Pope John Paul II (bio - news), directs that prior to the conclave, the cardinals should give "two ecclesiastics known for their sound doctrine, wisdom, and moral authority the task of presenting to the cardinals two well-prepared meditations on the problems facing the Church at the time and on the need for careful discernment in choosing the new Pope."

The second such meditation will be preached by Cardinal Tomas Spidlik on Monday afternoon, April 18, after the cardinal-electors enter the Sistine Chapel to begin the conclave.

Father Cantalamessa preached to all the cardinals who are present in Rome, including those who, because they have reached the age of 80, are no longer eligible to participate in a papal election. The Vatican press office announced that 142 cardinals were present for the Thursday meeting.

The proceedings of the cardinals' congregations are confidential, and the Vatican did not disclose details about the content of Father Cantalamessa's address. The press office did disclose, however, that after hearing the meditation, the cardinals "resumed an exchange of ideas on the situation of the Church and the world." The congregation meetings of the next few days give the cardinals who are over 80 their last opportunity to offer their advice to the cardinal-electors before the conclave begins.

During the April 14 congregation meeting, the cardinal-electors drew lots to determine their room assignments in the St. Martha residence, where they will stay during the conclave.

The congregation also elected new members to serve alongside the camerlengo in the "particular congregation" that handles minor administrative details for the operation of the Holy See during the interregnum. The camerlengo, remains on the particular congregation; the other three members are appointed for three-day periods.

The members of the particular congregation chosen on Thursday were Cardinals Giovanni Battista Re, Oscar Andres Rodriguez Maradiaga, and Crescenzio Sepe. [/quote]

Does anyone know anything about Fr. Cantalamessa and Cardinal Spidlik? It would be interesting to know who they are and talk about why the Cardinals picked those two instead of two other people. We can't know what they talked about today, but we can at least talk about what they have done in the past.

Anyone? I'll check out Google.

Myles Domini
Posted

I dont know much about the good Cardinal but as for the Capuchin...He's great :D
[url="http://www.cantalamessa.org/"]http://www.cantalamessa.org/[/url]

argent_paladin
Posted

Cardinal Spidlik was born on 17 December 1919 in Boskovice (Czech Republic).
He began his studies for the priesthood in Brno in 1938 before the Nazis closed the universities in 1939. He entered the Jesuit novitiate near Prague and then when it was transferred to Monravia in 1942. He took his vows on 24 September 1942 and finished his studies over the following years.

He was ordained in Maastricht (Netherlands) on 22 August 1949. He was then called to Rome to work at Vatican Radio in the programmes broadcast behind the Iron Curtain.

He was spiritual director at the Pontifical Nepomuceno Seminary for 38 years.

The American Bibliographical Institute named him "Man of the Year" in 1990 and the next year "Most Admired Person of the Decade". He was awarded honorary citizenship of Uh Brod (Czech Republic) and Troyes (France).

He preached the Spiritual Exercises for the Pope and the Roman Curia in March 1995, encouraging the Holy Father to write Ut Unum Sint, his encyclical on ecumenism.

He is one of the greatest authorities on Eastern theology and spirituality.

In 1998, Vaclav Havel, president of the Czech Republic, awarded him the medal of the Order of Masaryk, one of the Republic's highest honours.

The Holy Father elevated him to the College of Cardinals on 21 October 2003 and excused him from receiving episcopal consecration. He was given the deaconry of Santa Agata de' Goti.

and

For 38 years he has been the spiritual director of the Pontifical Nepomuceno Seminary, the old Boemo Seminary. All of these duties do not stop him from being a man of study, such that Fr. Špidlík is one of the greatest experts of the spirituality of eastern Christianity today.
In June of 1955, he defended his doctoral dissertation at the Pontifical Oriental Institute in Rome. That year marked the beginning of his university career as a professor of patristic and eastern spiritual theology at various universities in Rome as well as around the world. If it was his teacher Fr. I. Hausherr who laid the scientific foundations for the study of eastern Christian spirituality, without doubt it has been Fr. Špidlík who has given flesh to its development in a vital direction, so much so that today his work is not simply an exercise of history of spirituality, but represents an organic theological vision.
Fr. Špidlík’s work is the fruit of years and years of diligent research and reflection, accompanied by a strong artistic sensitivity for contemporary culture. With this sensitivity Fr. Špidlík has investigated areas of eastern theology, the contents of which can be a source of life today and at the same time can provide life precisely in how they are received. In his work, which embraces research, systematization, and popularization, Fr. Špidlík has had an enormous sense of inculturation. Fr. Špidlík has a strange effect on his topic: others have brought ancient things long-buried back into the light, but they remain dead. With Fr. Špidlík they become the richness of the incarnation, of the transfiguration of cultures in Christ in the history of salvation. They immediately acquire a theological message that is capable of inspiring and orienting people, of assuming an existential value for them.
Fr. Špidlík’s work seems a long list of citations, but behind the stream of pages of books and articles a red thread emerges that the eastern peoples (not only of Slavic countries), and lately even those in the west, have felt as a stifled need. Perhaps this is a need that nas never been verbalized, never been explicitly expressed, but a need that, if one has the sense of a spiritual voice and a spiritual reading of events, is able to be identified in so many years of “exile”, to be outlined in the retrieved treasures that are explicitly sought out today.
His publications flow without end, along with his acknowledgments in the academic and international field. During the 1989–1990 academic year, after having taught for 45 years, he became an emeritus professor. Not only has he continued to teach, but he has also continued to have large audiences.
In 1989 he was chosen “Man of the Year, 1990” by the American Bibliographical Institute of Raleigh in North Carolina (USA) and, a year later, the same institute chose him as “The most admired person of the decade”. Since 1991 he has lived and worked at the Centro Aletti, a center for the study of the eastern Christian tradition in relation to the problems of the contemporary world, which is connected with the mission of the Society of Jesus.
On 26 July 1992, the city of Uh. Brod, birthplace of John Amos Komensky (1592–1670), Czech educator and theologian better known by his Latin name of Comenius, awarded him honorary citizenship. Fr. Špidlík has been invited to Russia many times, for example on the 600th anniversary of the death of St. Sergei of Radonez (25 February 1392) celebrated on 8 October of the Gregorian calendar, at which time he was received at the Kremlin.
In April 1994, on the occasion of the publication of his Russian Ideas, the city of Troyes awarded him the medal of the city as a commemoration of honorary citizenship.
In 1993, the Society of Byzantine Studies in St. Petersburg named him an honorary member.
In the 1994–95 academic year, Fr. Špidlík was named the first holder of the seat of Eastern Theology founded at the Pontifical Oriental Institute by Sir Daniel and Countess Bernadine Donohue. The inaugural lecture, “The Person’s Return to Eastern Spirituality”, was held 14 November 1994.
In March of 1995, Fr. Špidlík led the spiritual exercises of Pope John Paul II and his Curia.
In 1997, he received two doctorates honoris causa: the first in May from the University of Cluj-Napoca, in Romania as one of the greatest authorities on theology and eastern spirituality, and the second in December from the theological department of the University of Olomouc in the Czech Republic.
In October of 1998, Václav Havel, the president of the Czech Republic, decorated him with the medal of the Masaryk Order, one of the highest honors of the Czech State. In May of 1999, the University of Prague also conferred a doctorate honoris causa on him.

argent_paladin
Posted

Interesting story from Wall Street Journal:

PEGGY NOONAN
The Cardinal
A story about selecting the new pope.

Thursday, April 14, 2005 12:01 a.m.

You are a cardinal of the Holy Roman Catholic and Apostolic Church, a modern man, and for the past seven days, in private conversations in Rome with cardinals you trust, you've been admitting what you would never say in public.

You were shocked at the outpouring for John Paul II. You were shocked at the four million who came to Rome, at the line that stretched across the Tiber, at the tears.

You had no idea.

Not that you didn't have real affection for the old man. He was probably a saint. All that suffering, dragging his broken body into each day the past five years. That's a long time on the cross.

But you thought he was yesterday's news. Everyone had already said goodbye to him at those big audiences in the Paul VI hall. And let's face it, the church under John Paul was slammed every day as conservative, ossified, reactionary.

Here's another strange thing. In the polls on churchgoing and belief it's always Catholics on the street in Europe and America who say they want change and reform. They'd been saying it for years! And yet it was Catholics on the street from Europe and America--real nobodies, not to be impolite but just regular Catholics--who engulfed Rome to weep and yell Santo, Santo!

You sit and think: We have to consider what the crowds signified, what the outpouring meant. Maybe God was telling us something.

You try to walk through the data. Everyone says John Paul was popular because he was a rock star. He had a special appeal to the young. People loved him because he was so vibrant and dynamic.

Then you think--or rather that part of your mind that habitually questions your main themes on any given day tells you--Wait, the guy could barely walk, he couldn't even move his face. He looked like, God forgive me, the Hunchback or something. He was writing encyclicals and telling people what seems to be good is not good, and what seems to be old is true. That doesn't sound like a rock star.

You think: The fact is, John Paul was not an expression of his times, he existed in opposition to the times. He defended church doctrine and moral teaching because he thought they were true! He wouldn't abandon the truth. In the Catholic colleges of America they didn't see the truth he spoke as true. They thought it was archaic. Catholics in colleges and newsrooms, on campuses and on TV, are always going on and on about the world needs contraception, we need married priests, we need women priests. Now it's the right to die.

Then you think: But it wasn't them in the streets. It was regular Catholics in the streets! That's who was waiting 20 hours in the line that crossed the Tiber. It was the faithful and college kids and mom and pop from Toledo. It was the universal church.

And then it dawns on you: Maybe--maybe . . . Maybe people, being imperfect and human, live whatever lives they live but deep in their hearts--way down deep and much more than they know--they actually notice when somebody stands for truth. And they actually honor it. Maybe that's why in all the big modern democracies they'd burst into tears when John Paul came by, when he was visiting America and France and Germany. Maybe they knew they were not necessarily living right themselves but they were grateful--they were grateful on behalf of civilization!--that there was a man like him among us. They recognized him and honored him in their hearts. And then word came that he's dead and suddenly their hearts told their heads: Get on the train and go honor him. Because he adorned us. Because he was right. And we can't lose this from civilization, this beacon in the darkness.

The cardinal was getting a headache. So many colliding thoughts. Worse, they were thoughts at odds with the common wisdom. And the cardinal doesn't like to be any more at odds with the common wisdom than he absolutely has to be. Life is tough enough.

He goes to dinner at a fine Roman restaurant with a handful of cardinals. He has a glass of Chianti, and then two. The service is excellent. Rome knows how to treat a cardinal. And Rome appreciates the burden that faces them: how to replace John Paul, the man the church just found out is considered irreplaceable.

The cardinals' conversation turns to the funeral.

A Cardinal from South America says, "I had a thought. When the crowd kept applauding during the Mass--to me, looking out at them, it seemed as if they were saying: 'We're not just observers anymore, we're the Church, Hear us!' It seemed to me possibly quite significant."

Silence as they all considered this.

An old cardinal with what seemed a German accent cleared his throat.

"What they want, I believe, is a healthy church. For all John Paul's illness, they thought he was a healthy man. Emotionally and psychologically healthy in a way modern culture is not.

"It seems to me the meaning of the crowds, the meaning of the cries at the mass, is this: 'We loved this hero of truth, and we want a hero of truth.' They want someone who won't bow to the thinking of the world. They want someone who will clean the stables, too. The corruption and worldly values of the church, the sex scandals--these must be dealt with."

At this point an American cardinal made an indignant sound, and tried to interrupt. But the old cardinal raised his hand and continued.

"The church needs someone who'll clean the church, defend it and refresh it. At the same time we need a man who can engage the world intellectually on the coming bioethical dramas and explain why trying to create human life in a Petri dish will be the end of us, the end of humanity. For man will do what he can do, and when he can grow replacement humans to give people new hearts that will allow them to live forever, well, that's what they'll do. We'll have human fetal farms, you wait.

"But even more important than any of this, the new pontiff must have a holy soul. He must be a man who prays to God, is led by God, loves God above all. And here's the great problem for us: this person may not be the most charming or accessible person in the world."

A young cardinal leaned forward. "I don't disagree, my friend, but in order to teach the world you must draw its eyes and ears! We need someone who captures the imagination of the world. We can't lead unless they look and listen. For that we need a rock star."

Silence again.

Then a young cardinal from Asia said, "Excuse me, but I have less knowledge about our brother cardinals than you. Is there a man who has all that is needed plus he's a rock star?"

The cardinals thought. "No," said one. "Or not that we know."

"If that is true," said the cardinal from Asia, "It would seem our duty is to choose a great man who is not necessarily a dramatic or endearing figure. The Holy Spirit will give him voice. Our time will need greatness. 'For nowadays the world is lit by lightning.' "

There was silence again.

Someone called for the bill.

Outside was an enterprising crew from NBC.

"Your excellencies, how are the bishops thinking? After the outpouring of love the past 10 days, are you thinking that you need a dramatic figure, a rock star who'll capture the imagination of the world?"

"The Holy Spirit will decide," said the old Cardinal with the German accent.

And our modern cardinal walked home to the Vatican, met with his aides in the suite, lay down with his headache, which was now very bad, closed his eyes and thought: Now more than ever. He dragged himself up, and knelt by the bed.

Posted

I wish the Maronite Cardinal (Patriarch) could run but I'm afraid he's too old. I think after JP2 we're getting into a time where can again accept Easterners to become Pope. JP2 was a Bishop of Poland and we could argue that he'd only do what he wanted for his country but he helped the whole world. Now there are a lot more issues that an Eastern Rite Pope would focus on (such as Eastern and Western Unity and Churches coming back to the Catholic Church) but if he was a good Pope, he'd be well-rounded and able to do many things for the Church. A Pope wouldn't only focus on unity and problems in the East, he's obviously going to have the responciblity to look after everyone. I believe that this would ultimately unit us to the east even if it seems weird. We can not judge the persons rite but how well he will rule under God and what God wants. I say it's possible.

Guest Eremite
Posted

[quote]We can not judge the persons rite but how well he will rule under God and what God wants. I say it's possible.[/quote]

But that simply reduces Eastern Catholicism to a different set of Liturgical rites. Eastern Catholicism has a completely different set of theological and spiritual traditions, not just Liturgical rites.

Noel's angel
Posted

I would have said Cardinal Keith O'Brien, currently in Scotland, but born in my hometown of Ballycastle, until i read this article:

[quote]Scotland Cardinal Keith O'Brien Approves of Active Homosexuals as Catholic Teachers

SCOTLAND, March 29, 2005, (LifeSiteNews.com) - Scotland's Cardinal Keith O'Brien has publicly contradicted fellow Bishop Joseph Devine's stand that the presence of homosexual teachers in Catholic schools would be incompatible with their mission. The public contradiction was greeted favorably by education authorities who disagreed with Bishop Devine's statement, but sent shockwaves throughout the world's Catholics.

Bishop Devine, president of the Catholic Education Service, was quoted in The Scotman of March 21st as saying: ""Being homosexual would not at all be compatible with the charter. It would cut across the whole moral vision enshrined in the charter. It would be offering a lifestyle that is incompatible with Catholic social teaching." His position has resulted in a number of education officials denouncing the statement.

Cardinal O'Brien, head of the Roman Catholic Church in Scotland, made his comments on Sunday saying: "If there happens to be a gay teacher and he does happen to be living with a partner, that's their personal, private life. I don't see it as a problem." The Cardinal did admit, however, that it might cause a moral dilemma if the individual in question was to criticize and contradict the Teachings of the Church while teaching in a Catholic school.

For John-Paul Meenan, the executive director of a Catholic Liberal Arts college in north-eastern Ontario, who hails from Scotland, Cardinal O'Brien's statement was particularly disturbing.  Meenan, who runs Our Lady Seat of Wisdom Academy, told LifeSiteNews.com that the Catechism of the Catholic Church holds homosexual acts to be gravely immoral and the inclination to homosexual sex to be 'objectively disordered'.  He was shocked that the Cardinal had issued the statement.

"I hate to see the Catholic schools in the land of my birth being infiltrated by a homosexual agenda," Meenan told LifeSiteNews.com.

Campaign Life Catholic spokesman Surresh Dominic wondered if Cardinal O'Brien would be equally approving of pedophiles or polygamists being teachers at Catholic schools.  "After all," said Dominic, "the Catholic Church teaches polygamy and pedophilia are sexual aberrations as is homosexuality."[/quote]

[url="http://www.lifesite.net/ldn/2005/mar/05032904.html"]http://www.lifesite.net/ldn/2005/mar/05032904.html[/url]

kinda worried me and made me think that maybe he isn't such a good candidate afterall...

JP2Iloveyou
Posted

Noel's Angel,

That surprises me about Cardinal O'Brien. Perhaps it was taken out of context. That is why I don't like all this speculating and calling some cardinals liberal and some conservative, etc. The fact is that unless you know the man personally, you really don't know where he stands on a lot of things. The media always distorts positions to favor their views. For example, earlier this year, many people were criticizing Cardinal McCarrick without ever having met the man. It was complete and total speculation without one shred of evidence to back up what they were saying. I know Cardinal McCarrick personally. His right-hand man in Washington was my spiritual director for awhile and I have been priviledged to meet his emminence on at least three occasions. The fact is, he is not what everyone was making him out to be. And again, the Holy Spirit will decide. Whoever He chooses will be whoever is right for the Church right now, whether that is Cardinal Ratzinger, O'Brien, Sodano, or someone else, the Holy Spirit is in charge. Saying what and who we want is really irrelevant. God works based off of his plan, not ours. If he chooses Cardinal Arinze to serve as Pope, great; if he chooses Cardinal Daneels to serve as pope, great. Sorry to rant, I just don't think that this point can be driven home enough.

Posted

[quote name='JP2Iloveyou' date='Apr 16 2005, 01:39 PM'] Noel's Angel,

That surprises me about Cardinal O'Brien. Perhaps it was taken out of context. That is why I don't like all this speculating and calling some cardinals liberal and some conservative, etc. The fact is that unless you know the man personally, you really don't know where he stands on a lot of things. The media always distorts positions to favor their views. For example, earlier this year, many people were criticizing Cardinal McCarrick without ever having met the man. It was complete and total speculation without one shred of evidence to back up what they were saying. I know Cardinal McCarrick personally. His right-hand man in Washington was my spiritual director for awhile and I have been priviledged to meet his emminence on at least three occasions. The fact is, he is not what everyone was making him out to be. And again, the Holy Spirit will decide. Whoever He chooses will be whoever is right for the Church right now, whether that is Cardinal Ratzinger, O'Brien, Sodano, or someone else, the Holy Spirit is in charge. Saying what and who we want is really irrelevant. God works based off of his plan, not ours. If he chooses Cardinal Arinze to serve as Pope, great; if he chooses Cardinal Daneels to serve as pope, great. Sorry to rant, I just don't think that this point can be driven home enough. [/quote]
I rather agree with what you said. I'm friends with Archbishop Burke, and so much of what goes around is just a blatant lie. It doesn't even border on misinterpretation, it's just plain false.
At the same time, I have had my doubts about Cdl. McCarrick, but as to not add more unfounded speculation, I shall keep those to myself.
Yes, the Holy Spirit is purely in charge. It would still be, I think, a good idea to go to Mass on Monday and pray for the Holy Spirit, and Our Lady, to guide the Cardinals.

JP2Iloveyou
Posted

[quote name='BurkeFan' date='Apr 16 2005, 03:09 PM'] It would still be, I think, a good idea to go to Mass on Monday and pray for the Holy Spirit, and Our Lady, to guide the Cardinals. [/quote]
Oh, most definitely. On Mondays here at our seminary, we join the rest of our university community for a large Mass at the university chapel and pray for the conversion of our campus, but I suspect that we will especially offer that Mass for the conclave. By the time we begin, it will be 2:00 p.m. Rome time, about the time they will begin the conclave, I believe.

Noel's angel
Posted

Yeah, i suppose, he seemed like a good guy when he came home, i try not to dwell too much on these articles but you know, i do worry about these things.

JP2Iloveyou
Posted

I have confidence that Pope John Paul II would not have elevated him to Cardinal if he didn't have confidence in him. If JPII trusts him, then maybe we should.

Noel's angel
Posted

yeah that's what i thought, but when i read things i get a little put off, but what the heck GO CARDINAL O'BRIEN!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

argent_paladin
Posted

I nominate Jean-Marie Cardinal Lustiger, Archbishop of France.
He might be the first Pope of Jewish origin since Peter. He is given a 10% chance at Tradesport for suceeding (higher than Arinze).

Posted

[quote name='Eremite' date='Apr 16 2005, 02:42 AM']
But that simply reduces Eastern Catholicism to a different set of Liturgical rites. Eastern Catholicism has a completely different set of theological and spiritual traditions, not just Liturgical rites. [/quote]
Not exactly. Their Theological traditions are about the exact same. The only differences are small t's. The liturgy and some small traditions are just a difference. I don't think it'd be neccisarily bad, people just don't like the change. The spiritual traditions may be different but is he going to enforce them as Pope? I doubt it. If he does then he can teach people, they're not major differences. I think people can cope with an aramaic or Greek mass as much as they used to with the Tridentine since people basicly don't understand any of them. The traditions of the Pope wouldn't make a bad influence on how he addressed things. The only thing I can see wrong is people getting upset because they can't understand the language when they should really be appreciating the tradition. In fact, if the Maronite Cardinal was able to be elected (since he's too old he can't) and was elected, the Mass we do is more traditional than the Tridentine Mass and is in Aramaic. I think it'd be nice to have a little bit of different traditions. It'd unify the Eastern and Western if the Pope did a good job.

conservativecatholic
Posted

[quote name='musturde' date='Apr 16 2005, 07:54 PM'] Not exactly. Their Theological traditions are about the exact same. The only differences are small t's. The liturgy and some small traditions are just a difference. I don't think it'd be neccisarily bad, people just don't like the change. The spiritual traditions may be different but is he going to enforce them as Pope? I doubt it. If he does then he can teach people, they're not major differences. I think people can cope with an aramaic or Greek mass as much as they used to with the Tridentine since people basicly don't understand any of them. The traditions of the Pope wouldn't make a bad influence on how he addressed things. The only thing I can see wrong is people getting upset because they can't understand the language when they should really be appreciating the tradition. In fact, if the Maronite Cardinal was able to be elected (since he's too old he can't) and was elected, the Mass we do is more traditional than the Tridentine Mass and is in Aramaic. I think it'd be nice to have a little bit of different traditions. It'd unify the Eastern and Western if the Pope did a good job. [/quote]
I agree. I think it would be nice to fully breathe with both lungs of the Church. The Eastern Church is truly awesome!

argent_paladin
Posted

I would also like to nominate Ivan Cardinal Dias, Archbishop of Mumbai (Bombay), India.

Guest Eremite
Posted (edited)

[quote]Their Theological traditions are about the exact same.[/quote]

Not at all. Their doctrinal faith, of course, is the same as Latin Catholics. But their theological heritage, and the way they view things, is very much different. Latin theology operates within the framework of its scholastic heritage. Eastern theology does not share the same heritage. If Liturgical rite were the only difference between Eastern and Western Catholics, then there would be no problem. But the Patriarch of the West and the Bishop of Rome needs to serve those with a Latin theological tradition primarily. An Eastern Bishop could not do that.

If the Pope were not Bishop of Rome and Patriarch of the West, I would love to see an Easterner fill the office. But he is, and there's no getting around that.

Edited by Eremite
Posted

[quote name='Eremite' date='Apr 17 2005, 09:33 AM']
Not at all. Their doctrinal faith, of course, is the same as Latin Catholics. But their theological heritage, and the way they view things, is very much different. Latin theology operates within the framework of its scholastic heritage. Eastern theology does not share the same heritage. If Liturgical rite were the only difference between Eastern and Western Catholics, then there would be no problem. But the Patriarch of the West and the Bishop of Rome needs to serve those with a Latin theological tradition primarily. An Eastern Bishop could not do that.

If the Pope were not Bishop of Rome and Patriarch of the West, I would love to see an Easterner fill the office. But he is, and there's no getting around that. [/quote]
The theological views are different but that doesnt mean they don't know how the Latin Rite views things. Give me an example that would hinder his decisions? I mean, if the Pope's Latin Rite, he wouldn't be able to work well with the Eastern Rite Churches. We're all united.

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